diff --git a/src/Console/Command/PurgeCommand.php b/src/Console/Command/PurgeCommand.php
index bbef3d2..cdc3f02 100644
--- a/src/Console/Command/PurgeCommand.php
+++ b/src/Console/Command/PurgeCommand.php
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ namespace Composer\Satis\Console\Command;
 use Composer\Command\BaseCommand;
 use Composer\Json\JsonFile;
 use Composer\Satis\PackageSelection\PackageSelection;
+use Composer\Util\Filesystem;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputArgument;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputInterface;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\OutputInterface;
@@ -127,9 +128,24 @@ class PurgeCommand extends BaseCommand
             return 0;
         }
 
+        $filesystem = new Filesystem();
         foreach ($unreferenced as $currentFile) {
             if (!$dryRun) {
-                unlink($currentFile->getPathname());
+                try {
+                    $filesystem->unlink($currentFile->getPathname());
+                } catch (\RuntimeException $exception) {
+                    // Another process, e.g. a concurrent build or purge, may have removed the archive already.
+                    if (file_exists($currentFile->getPathname())) {
+                        throw $exception;
+                    }
+
+                    $output->writeln(sprintf(
+                        '<warning>Skipped missing archive</warning>: <comment>%s</comment>',
+                        $currentFile->getRelativePathname()
+                    ));
+
+                    continue;
+                }
             }
 
             $output->writeln(sprintf(
@@ -166,7 +182,7 @@ class PurgeCommand extends BaseCommand
             if (is_dir($path)
                 && $depth > 0
                 && $this->removeEmptyDirectories($output, $path, $depth - 1)
-                && rmdir($path)
+                && @rmdir($path)
             ) {
                 $output->writeln(sprintf('<info>Removed empty directory</info>: <comment>%s</comment>', $path));
             } else {
diff --git a/tests/Console/Command/PurgeCommandTest.php b/tests/Console/Command/PurgeCommandTest.php
index 7894b6f..2a57c22 100644
--- a/tests/Console/Command/PurgeCommandTest.php
+++ b/tests/Console/Command/PurgeCommandTest.php
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\CoversClass;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\DataProvider;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\TestDox;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\ArrayInput;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\BufferedOutput;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\NullOutput;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Tester\CommandTester;
@@ -534,6 +535,121 @@ class PurgeCommandTest extends TestCase
         self::assertStringContainsString('Removed empty directory', $tester->getDisplay());
     }
 
+    #[TestDox('execute() skips unreferenced archives that are already gone when they are about to be removed')]
+    public function testExecuteSkipsArchivesThatDisappearDuringPurge(): void
+    {
+        $outputDir = vfsStream::url('satis/output-vanished');
+        mkdir($outputDir);
+        $archiveDir = $outputDir . '/dist';
+        mkdir($archiveDir . '/vendor', 0755, true);
+
+        $archives = [
+            $archiveDir . '/vendor/first.tar.gz',
+            $archiveDir . '/vendor/second.tar.gz',
+        ];
+        foreach ($archives as $archive) {
+            file_put_contents($archive, 'x');
+        }
+
+        $this->writeOutputRepository($outputDir, $this->packageEntry(
+            'vendor/other',
+            '1.0.0',
+            'https://example.com/dist/vendor/other.tar.gz'
+        ));
+
+        $this->writeSatisConfig([
+            'name' => 'test/satis-repo',
+            'homepage' => 'https://example.com',
+            'output-dir' => $outputDir,
+            'archive' => [
+                'directory' => 'dist',
+                'prefix-url' => 'https://example.com',
+            ],
+        ]);
+
+        // Simulates a concurrent build or purge: once the first archive is removed, the others vanish too.
+        $output = new class($archives) extends BufferedOutput {
+            /**
+             * @param list<string> $archives
+             */
+            public function __construct(private readonly array $archives)
+            {
+                parent::__construct();
+            }
+
+            protected function doWrite(string $message, bool $newline): void
+            {
+                parent::doWrite($message, $newline);
+
+                if (str_contains($message, 'Removed archive')) {
+                    foreach ($this->archives as $archive) {
+                        if (file_exists($archive)) {
+                            unlink($archive);
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        $input = new ArrayInput([
+            'file' => $this->configPath,
+            'output-dir' => $outputDir,
+        ]);
+        $input->setInteractive(false);
+
+        $app = new Application();
+        $app->addCommand(new PurgeCommand());
+
+        $statusCode = $app->find('purge')->run($input, $output);
+
+        $display = $output->fetch();
+        self::assertSame(0, $statusCode);
+        self::assertSame(1, substr_count($display, 'Removed archive'));
+        self::assertStringContainsString('Skipped missing archive', $display);
+        self::assertStringContainsString('Done.', $display);
+        foreach ($archives as $archive) {
+            self::assertFileDoesNotExist($archive);
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[TestDox('execute() throws when an unreferenced archive exists but cannot be removed')]
+    public function testExecuteThrowsWhenArchiveCannotBeRemoved(): void
+    {
+        $outputDir = vfsStream::url('satis/output-locked');
+        mkdir($outputDir);
+        $archiveDir = $outputDir . '/dist';
+        mkdir($archiveDir . '/vendor', 0755, true);
+
+        $unreferencedFile = $archiveDir . '/vendor/unreferenced.tar.gz';
+        file_put_contents($unreferencedFile, 'x');
+        chmod($archiveDir . '/vendor', 0555);
+
+        $this->writeOutputRepository($outputDir, $this->packageEntry(
+            'vendor/other',
+            '1.0.0',
+            'https://example.com/dist/vendor/other.tar.gz'
+        ));
+
+        $this->writeSatisConfig([
+            'name' => 'test/satis-repo',
+            'homepage' => 'https://example.com',
+            'output-dir' => $outputDir,
+            'archive' => [
+                'directory' => 'dist',
+                'prefix-url' => 'https://example.com',
+            ],
+        ]);
+
+        $tester = $this->createTester();
+
+        $this->expectException(\RuntimeException::class);
+        $this->expectExceptionMessage('Could not delete ' . $unreferencedFile);
+        $tester->execute([
+            'file' => $this->configPath,
+            'output-dir' => $outputDir,
+        ]);
+    }
+
     // --- Dry-run ---
 
     #[TestDox('execute() does not remove archives or empty dirs when dry-run is enabled')]